Global legislation regulating the donation, procurement and distribution processes of organs and tissues from deceased donors for transplants: A scoping review.

Introduction: Organ transplantation is one of the most successful advances in modern medicine. However, a legal system is necessary for its practice to be free from ethical flaws and to respect donors, recipients, and family members. Objective: To map the global legislation regulating the donation, capture and distribution processes of organs and tissues from deceased donors for transplants. Method: A scoping review according to the Joanna Briggs Institute was conducted in the following databases: Medline, CINAHL, Virtual Health Library, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Science Direct, and EMBASE, as well as gray literature, and reported according to the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews. Results: We identified 3302 records, of which 77 were analyzed which enabled mapping the type of consent adopted and the existence of current legislation for harvesting organs and tissues after circulatory and brain death. Conclusion: Opt-out consent predominates in Europe, and there is harvesting after brain and circulatory death. Opt-out predominates in the Americas, while Opt-in and harvesting of organs and tissues after brain death predominate in Asia and Oceania. The procurement of organs and tissues from deceased donors is practically non-existent in Africa.

Safety and efficacy of silicone tape for indwelling urinary catheter fixation in intensive care patients-A randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Critically ill patients are more vulnerable to medical adhesive-related skin injuries (MARSI), whose prevention is a constant challenge and one of the main quality indicators of nursing care. MARSI associated with indwelling urinary catheter (IUC) fixation is a relevant adverse event, mainly because of the constant involuntary traction and high skin vulnerability of the fixation site. Silicone adhesive tape has appreciable qualities for fragile skin among the range of adhesives, leading to the inference that it reduces the risk of MARSI. AIM: To compare silicone adhesive tape for IUC fixation with acrylate tape regarding its safety and efficacy. STUDY DESIGN: This was a randomized controlled trial blinded to the patients and evaluator. Data were collected from an intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary university hospital in Brazil. Patients with IUC and no MARSI at the fixation site were considered eligible. The omega (Ω) fixation technique was used for IUC fixation. A total of 132 participants were enrolled and divided into two research groups: 66 patients in the intervention group (silicone tape) and 66 in the control group (acrylate tape). Outcomes were the incidence of MARSI, patient outcome in the ICU and hospital and partial, total and overall spontaneous detachment of the tapes. RESULTS: The overall incidence of MARSI was 28%, with 21% in the silicone group and 35% in the acrylate group, with no statistically significant difference (p = .121), including the severity of the lesions (p = .902). However, partial (p = .003) and overall (p < .001) detachment of the tapes were more frequent in the silicone group. CONCLUSIONS: Silicone tape is no safer than acrylate tape for IUC fixation and is less adhesively effective. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: There is no evidence to support the extensive use of silicone tape in this context.

Protocolo gráfico de validação para avaliação da assistência de enfermagem segura em hemodiálise / Protocolo gráfico de validación para evaluación de asistencia de enfermería segura en hemodiálisis / Validation graphic protocol for assessing safe nursing care in hemodialysis

Resumo Objetivo Validar o conteúdo e a aparência de um protocolo gráfico para avaliação do cuidado seguro de enfermagem a pacientes em hemodiálise. Método Estudo metodológico com abordagem quantitativa, organizado em três procedimentos: teóricos, a partir de uma scoping review; empíricos, na qual ocorreu processo de construção do protocolo gráfico e checklist para avaliação do cuidado seguro; por fim, os analíticos, para a validação propriamente dita com uso da técnica Delphi e participação de nove juízes especialistas em duas rodadas para o alcance da concordância. Resultados Elaboraram-se o checklist e o protocolo gráfico. Quanto à validade de conteúdo, em Delphi I, três critérios obtiveram Coeficiente de Validade de Conteúdo =0,77 no checklist. No que corresponde ao Delphi II, foram alcançados 80% em todos os itens referentes ao Coeficiente de Validade de Conteúdo, e todos os índices ficaram acima de 0,80. A validação de aparência ocorreu utilizando critérios de Suitability Assessment of Materials no Delphi I. Foi possível atingir um Coeficiente de Validade de Conteúdo total maior que 0,80 em todos, enquanto que, no Delphi II, os protocolos alcançaram concordância maior que 80% e Coeficiente de Validade de Conteúdo maior que 0,88, já que o checklist apresentou maior Coeficiente de Validade de Conteúdo com 0,91. Conclusão Apresentam-se o protocolo gráfico e o checklist para avaliação do cuidado seguro aos pacientes em hemodiálise válidos em seu conteúdo e aparência.

Resumen Objetivo Validar el contenido y la apariencia de un protocolo gráfico para la evaluación del cuidado seguro de enfermería a pacientes en hemodiálisis. Métodos Estudio metodológico con enfoque cuantitativo, organizado en tres procedimientos: teórico, a partir de una scoping review; empírico, donde se realizó el proceso de elaboración del protocolo gráfico y checklist para la evaluación del cuidado seguro; y por último, analítico, para la validación propiamente dicha mediante el uso del método Delphi y la participación de nueve jueces especialistas en dos rondas para alcanzar la concordancia. Resultados Se elaboró la checklist y el protocolo gráfico. Respecto a la validez del contenido, en Delphi I tres criterios obtuvieron Coeficiente de Validez de Contenido = 0,77 en la checklist. En lo referente al Delphi II, se alcanzó el 80 % en todos los ítems relacionados con el Coeficiente de Validez de Contenido, y todos los índices fueron superiores a 0,80. La validación de la apariencia se realizó con los criterios de la Suitability Assessment of Materials en Delphi I. Se logró alcanzar un Coeficiente de Validez de Contenido total mayor a 0,80 en todos, mientras que en Delphi II, los protocolos lograron una concordancia mayor a 80 % y Coeficiente de Validez de Contenido mayor a 0,88, ya que la checklist presentó mayor Coeficiente de Validez de Contenido con 0,91. Conclusión El protocolo gráfico y la checklist para la evaluación del cuidado seguro a pacientes en hemodiálisis demostraron ser válidos en su contenido y apariencia.

Abstract Objective To validate the content and appearance of a graphic protocol for evaluating safe nursing care for hemodialysis patients. Methods Methodological study with a quantitative approach, organized into three procedures: theoretical from a Scoping Review; empirical in which the process of constructing the graphic protocol and checklist for the evaluation of safe care took place; finally, the analytics for the validation itself using the Delphi technique and the participation of nine expert judges in two rounds to reach agreement. Results The checklist and the graphic protocol were elaborated. As for content validity in Delphi I, three criteria obtained Content Validity Coefficient =0.77 in the checklist. In what corresponds to Delphi II, 80% was achieved in all items regarding the Content Validity Coefficient, all indices were above 0.80. Appearance validation took place using criteria of the Suitability Assessment of Materials in Delphi I, it was possible to achieve a total Content Validity Coefficient greater than 0.80 in all, while in Delphi II the protocols reached agreement greater than 80% and Content Validity Coefficient greater than 0.88, since the checklist showed a higher Content Validity Coefficient with 0.91. Conclusion The graphic protocol and checklist for evaluating safe care for hemodialysis patients are presented, valid in their content and appearance.

Interventions for Strengthening General Self-Efficacy Beliefs in College Students: An Integrative Review / Intervenciones para Fortalecer las Creencias de Autoeficacia General en Estudiantes Universitarios: Revisión Integrativa / Intervenções para Fortalecimento das Crenças de Autoeficácia Geral em Estudantes Universitários: Revisão Integrativa

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the evidence regarding the effectiveness of interventions aimed at strengthening self-efficacy beliefs in college students. Methods: Integrative Review conducted on the Lilacs, PubMed, CinahL, Cochrane Collaboration Databases, Scopus, and PsycInfo databases. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using tools proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute, and the results were analyzed descriptively. Results: Out of the 10 selected studies, six demonstrated that interventions aimed at strengthening self-efficacy were effective (Levels of Evidence II and III), and four revealed contrary results (Levels of Evidence I and II). Programs aimed at enhancing self-efficacy should include content on positive mental health, psychoeducation strategies, cover a period of eight to twelve weeks, and consider the completion of homework assignments. Conclusion: The synthesis of evidence pointed to pathways for building an effective self-efficacy strengthening program to be implemented in universities.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar las evidencias sobre la efectividad de las intervenciones para fortalecer las creencias de autoeficacia en estudiantes universitarios. Métodos: Revisión Integrativa realizada en las bases de datos Lilacs, PubMed, CinahL, Cochrane Collaboration Databases, Scopus y PsycInfo. La calidad metodológica de los estudios se evaluó utilizando herramientas propuestas por el Instituto Joanna Briggs y los resultados se analizaron de forma descriptiva. Resultados: De los 10 estudios seleccionados, seis demostraron que las intervenciones para fortalecer la autoeficacia fueron efectivas (niveles de evidencia II y III) y cuatro arrojaron resultados contrarios (niveles de evidencia I y II). Los programas dirigidos al fortalecimiento de la autoeficacia deben incluir contenido sobre salud mental positiva, estrategias de psicoeducación, abarcar un período de ocho a doce semanas y considerar la realización de ejercicios para hacer en casa. Conclusión: La síntesis de evidencia señala el camino para la construcción de un programa efectivo de fortalecimiento de las creencias de autoeficacia que debe implementarse en las universidades.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar as evidências sobre a efetividade das intervenções para fortalecer as crenças de autoeficácia em universitários. Métodos: Revisão Integrativa, realizada nas bases de dados Lilacs, PubMed, CinahL, Cochrane Collaboration Databases, Scopus e PsycInfo. A qualidade metodológica dos estudos foi avaliada por meio de ferramentas propostas pelo Joanna Briggs Institute e os resultados foram analisados de forma descritiva. Resultados: Dos 10 estudos selecionados, seis demonstraram que as intervenções para fortalecer a autoeficácia foram efetivas (níveis de evidências II e III) e quatro revelaram resultados contrários (níveis de evidências I e II). Os programas direcionados ao fortalecimento da autoeficácia devem possuir conteúdo sobre saúde mental positiva, estratégias de psicoeducação, abranger o período de oito a doze semanas e considerar a realização de exercícios para casa. Conclusão: A síntese das evidências apontou caminhos para a construção de um programa efetivo de fortalecimento das crenças de autoeficácia a ser implementado em universidades.

Interventions for Strengthening General Self-Efficacy Beliefs in College Students: An Integrative Review.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the evidence regarding the effectiveness of interventions aimed at strengthening self-efficacy beliefs in college students. METHODS: Integrative Review conducted on the Lilacs, PubMed, CinahL, Cochrane Collaboration Databases, Scopus, and PsycInfo databases. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using tools proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute, and the results were analyzed descriptively. RESULTS: Out of the 10 selected studies, six demonstrated that interventions aimed at strengthening self-efficacy were effective (Levels of Evidence II and III), and four revealed contrary results (Levels of Evidence I and II). Programs aimed at enhancing self-efficacy should include content on positive mental health, psychoeducation strategies, cover a period of eight to twelve weeks, and consider the completion of homework assignments. CONCLUSION: The synthesis of evidence pointed to pathways for building an effective self-efficacy strengthening program to be implemented in universities.

Caracterização epidemiológica e causas da não doação por potenciais doadores de órgãos em morte encefálica / Epidemiological characterization and causes of non-donation by potential brain-dead organ donors / Caracterización epidemiológica y causas de la no donación de potenciales donantes de órganos en muerte cerebral

Objetivo: analisar as características epidemiológicas e causas da não efetivação do processo de doação de órgãos e tecidos de potenciais doadores em morte encefálica. Método: estudo transversal, com dados secundários do ano de 2019, obtidos de formulários de notificação de morte encefálica de pacientes com idade igual e superior a 18 anos, analisados descritiva e inferencialmente, após aprovação pelo comitê de ética. Resultados: notificadas 231 mortes encefálicas, com maior incidência de pessoas do sexo masculino, idade média de 48 anos e notificações dos hospitais públicos. Em Campo Grande, Mato grosso do Sul, observou-se maior número de notificações e o menor tempo entre a notificação e o primeiro exame clínico (RR: 4,01; IC 2,17-7,41; p<0,001). Entre os casos de não doação, 75,8% ocorreram por contraindicação médica e recusa familiar. Conclusão: houve predomínio de adultos jovens, não doadores de órgãos, cuja negativa da família deu-se pela vontade de manter o corpo íntegro.

Objective: to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and causes of non-completion of the organ and tissue donation process from potential brain-dead donors. Method: cross-sectional study, with secondary data from 2019, obtained from brain death notification forms of patients aged 18 years and over, analyzed descriptively and inferentially, after approval by the ethics committee. Results: 231 brain deaths were reported, with a higher incidence of males, average age of 48 years and notifications from public hospitals. In Campo Grande, Mato grosso do Sul, Brazil, there was a greater number of notifications and a shorter time between notification and the first clinical examination (RR: 4.01; CI 2.17-7.41; p<0.001). Among cases of non-donation, 75.8% occurred due to medical contraindication and family refusal. Conclusion: there was a predominance of young adults, non-organ donors, whose family's refusal was due to the desire to keep the body intact.

Objetivo: analizar las características epidemiológicas y las causas de la no finalización del proceso de donación de órganos y tejidos de potenciales donantes en muerte cerebral. Método: estudio transversal, con datos secundarios del año 2019, obtenidos de formularios de notificación de muerte encefálica de pacientes de 18 años y más, analizados de manera descriptiva e inferencial, previa aprobación del comité de ética. Resultados: Se reportaron 231 muertes encefálicas, con mayor incidencia de hombres, edad promedio de 48 años y notificaciones de los hospitales públicos. En Campo Grande, Mato grosso do Sul, hubo mayor número de notificaciones y menor tiempo entre la notificación y el primer examen clínico (RR: 4,01; IC 2,17-7,41; p<0,001). Entre los casos de no donación, el 75,8% se produjo por contraindicación médica y negativa familiar. Conclusión: hubo predominio de adultos jóvenes, no donantes de órganos, cuya negativa familiar se debió al deseo de mantener el cuerpo íntegro.

Ocular dryness in intensive care: proposal for a new nursing diagnosis.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the concept associated with diagnostic proposition Ocular dryness in adult patients hospitalized in an Intensive Care Unit, identifying its attributes, antecedents and consequences. METHODS: a methodological study carried out through concept analysis, operationalized by scoping review. RESULTS: the analysis of 180 studies allowed the identification of two attributes, 32 antecedents and 12 consequences. The attributes were tear film deficiency and ocular signs and/or symptoms. The prevalent antecedents were incomplete eyelid closure (lagophthalmos) and blinking mechanism decrease. Major consequences included conjunctival hyperemia and decreased tear volume. CONCLUSIONS: this study allowed constructing nursing diagnosis Ocular dryness, part of domain 11, class 2, with 12 defining characteristics, 12 related factors, seven populations at risk and 13 associated conditions. This problem-focused proposal may provide targeted care by promoting early detection and implementing interventions that reduce the risk of ocular damage.

Ocular dryness in intensive care: proposal for a new nursing diagnosis / Sequedad ocular en cuidados intensivos: propuesta para un nuevo diagnóstico de enfermería / Ressecamento ocular em terapia intensiva: proposta de novo diagnóstico de enfermagem

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the concept associated with diagnostic proposition Ocular dryness in adult patients hospitalized in an Intensive Care Unit, identifying its attributes, antecedents and consequences. Methods: a methodological study carried out through concept analysis, operationalized by scoping review. Results: the analysis of 180 studies allowed the identification of two attributes, 32 antecedents and 12 consequences. The attributes were tear film deficiency and ocular signs and/or symptoms. The prevalent antecedents were incomplete eyelid closure (lagophthalmos) and blinking mechanism decrease. Major consequences included conjunctival hyperemia and decreased tear volume. Conclusions: this study allowed constructing nursing diagnosis Ocular dryness, part of domain 11, class 2, with 12 defining characteristics, 12 related factors, seven populations at risk and 13 associated conditions. This problem-focused proposal may provide targeted care by promoting early detection and implementing interventions that reduce the risk of ocular damage.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar el concepto asociado a la proposición del diagnóstico de enfermería Sequedad ocular en pacientes adultos internados en una unidad de cuidados intensivos, identificando sus atributos, antecedentes y consecuencias. Métodos: estudio metodológico, realizado a través del análisis de concepto operacionalizado por scoping review. Resultados: el análisis de 180 estudios permitió identificar dos atributos, 32 antecedentes y 12 consecuentes. Los atributos fueron deficiencia de película lagrimal y signos y/o síntomas oculares. Los antecedentes prevalentes fueron cierre palpebral incompleto (lagoftalmos) y disminución del mecanismo de parpadeo. Las principales consecuencias incluyeron hiperemia conjuntival y disminución del volumen lagrimal. Conclusiones: este estudio permitió la construcción del diagnóstico de enfermería Sequedad ocular, parte del dominio 11, clase 2, con 12 características definidoras, 12 factores relacionados, siete poblaciones de riesgo y 13 condiciones asociadas. Esta propuesta centrada en el problema puede brindar atención dirigida al promover la detección temprana e implementar intervenciones que reduzcan el riesgo de daño ocular.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar o conceito associado à proposição do diagnóstico de enfermagem Ressecamento ocular em pacientes adultos internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva com identificação de seus atributos, antecedentes e consequentes. Métodos: estudo metodológico, realizado mediante análise de conceito operacionalizada por scoping review. Resultados: a análise dos 180 estudos permitiu identificação de dois atributos, 32 antecedentes e 12 consequentes. Os atributos foram deficiência do filme lacrimal e sinais e/ ou sintomas oculares. Os antecedentes prevalentes foram fechamento palpebral incompleto (lagoftalmia) e mecanismo de piscar diminuído. Os principais consequentes incluíram hiperemia conjuntival e volumetria lacrimal diminuída. Conclusões: este estudo permitiu a construção do diagnóstico de enfermagem Ressecamento ocular, integrante do domínio 11, classe 2, com 12 características definidoras, 12 fatores relacionados, sete populações em risco e 13 condições associadas. Essa proposta com foco no problema poderá proporcionar cuidado direcionado, promovendo detecção precoce e execução de intervenções que reduzam o risco de danos oculares.

Construction and validity of scripts for skills training on enteral nutritional therapy in dehospitalization / Construcción y validación de guiones para entrenamiento de habilidades en terapia nutricional enteral en deshospitalización / Construção e validação de roteiros para treinamento de habilidades sobre terapia nutricional enteral na desospitalização

ABSTRACT Objective: to construct and validate the content of two multidisciplinary scripts for the care of patients with chronic diseases using enteral nutrition therapy, based on skills training, using clinical simulation, in the dehospitalization process. Method: this is a methodological study carried out at a federal public hospital in the Brazilian Midwest, between January and September 2022, in two phases: script construction and validity with 19 and 11 expert judges, respectively. Analysis occurred through the Content Validity Coefficient, the Content Validity Index and the Agreement Index. Results: two scripts were constructed and validated for caregivers' skills training and qualification to care for patients using home enteral nutrition therapy in the process of dehospitalization by nasogastric tube and/or by gastrostomy. For construction, the study had the active participation of six experts, from a multidisciplinary perspective. For script validity, the following values of Content Validity Coefficient, Content Validity Index and Agreement Index were reached, respectively: 0.998, 1.000, and 100%. Most experts' suggestionswere met. Conclusion: the scripts were considered valid in their content. They can be used by health professionals to carry out educational activities in the hospital environment regarding caregivers' preparation the management of home enteral nutrition therapy, when leaving the hospital.

RESUMEN Objetivo: construir y validar el contenido de dos guiones multidisciplinarios para el cuidado de pacientes con condiciones crónicas en terapia de nutrición enteral, basados ​​en el entrenamiento de habilidades, utilizando simulación clínica en el proceso de deshospitalización. Método: estudio metodológico realizado en un hospital público federal del Medio Oeste brasileño, entre enero y septiembre de 2022, en dos fases: construcción y validación de los guiones con 19 y 11 jueces expertos, respectivamente. El análisis se realizó utilizando el Coeficiente de Validez de Contenido, el Índice de Validez de Contenido y el Índice de Concordancia. Resultados: se construyeron y validaron dos guiones para la formación de habilidades y cualificación de cuidadores para el cuidado de pacientes que utilizan terapia de nutrición enteral domiciliaria en proceso de deshospitalización por sonda nasogástrica y/o por gastrostomía. Para la construcción, el estudio contó con la participación activa de seis especialistas, desde una perspectiva multidisciplinaria. Para la validación de los guiones se alcanzaron los siguientes valores de Coeficiente de Validez de Contenido, Índice de Validez de Contenido e Índice de Concordancia, respectivamente: 0.998, 1.000 y 100%. La mayoría de las sugerencias realizadas por los expertos se cumplieron. Conclusión: los guiones fueron considerados válidos en su contenido. Pueden ser utilizados por profesionales de la salud para realizar actividades educativas en el ambiente hospitalario, en cuanto a la preparación de los cuidadores para el manejo de la terapia de nutrición enteral en el domicilio, al egreso del hospital.

RESUMO Objetivo: construir e validar o conteúdo de dois roteiros multiprofissionais para cuidados de pacientes com condições crônicas em uso de terapia de nutrição enteral, baseados em treinamento de habilidades, com utilização de simulação clínica, no processo de desospitalização. Método: estudo metodológico realizado em um hospital público federal do Centro-Oeste brasileiro, entre janeiro e setembro de 2022, em duas fases: construção e validação dos roteiros junto a 19 e 11 juízes especialistas, respectivamente. A análise ocorreu por meio do Coeficiente de Validade de Conteúdo, do Índice de Validade de Conteúdo e do Índice de Concordância. Resultados: foram construídos e validados dois roteiros para treinamento de habilidades e capacitação de cuidadores para os cuidados com pacientes em uso de Terapia de Nutrição Enteral Domiciliar, no processo de desospitalização por sonda nasoenteral e/ou por gastrostomia. Para construção, o estudo contou com a participação ativa de seis especialistas, na perspectiva multiprofissional. Para a validação dos roteiros, foram alcançados os seguintes valores de Coeficiente de Validade de Conteúdo, Índice de Validade de Conteúdo e Índice de Concordância, respectivamente: 0,998, 1,000, e 100%. Foi atendido a maior parte das sugestões realizadas pelos especialistas. Conclusão: os roteiros foram considerados válidos em seu conteúdo. Poderão ser utilizados por profissionais de saúde para a condução de atividades educativas no âmbito hospitalar, quanto ao preparo de cuidadores para o manejo da Terapia de Nutrição Enteral no domicílio, quando da desospitalização.

Educational technologies used to teach self-management after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a scoping review / Tecnologías educativas utilizadas para enseñar el autocuidado después del trasplante de células madre hematopoyéticas: revisión de alcance / Tecnologias educacionais utilizadas para o ensino da autogestão no pós-transplante de células-tronco hematopoéticas: scoping review

ABSTRACT Objective: to map the scientific evidence on the educational technologies used to teach self-management in hematopoietic stem cell post-transplantation. Method: a scoping review, based on JBI recommendations. The searches took place between January and February 2022, in databases and repositories of dissertations and theses. The PCC strategy was used, namely: P (Population) - patients (patient participation); C (Concept) - educational technologies and self-management (instructional technology, self-management); and C (Context) - post hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (bone marrow transplantation). Studies that discussed the educational technologies used to teach self-management after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, available in full electronically, were included. Editorials, letters to the editor and opinion articles were excluded. Duplicate studies were considered only once. The data are presented in figures and chart format. Results: sixteen studies were selected to compose the final sample, most of which showed that the most used educational technologies in the context of hospital discharge after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are websites, software, movies, online videos or not, care plans, posters, books and booklets aimed at teaching. Conclusion: the use of educational technologies in teaching and patient health education is a reality present in services at any level of health care. The highlight of the approach to this topic is anchored in how these technologies are used and whether they are properly defined for each patient, according to the results of this study.

RESUMEN Objetivo: mapear la evidencia científica sobre las tecnologías educativas utilizadas para enseñar el automanejo en el postrasplante de células madre hematopoyéticas. Método: revisión de alcance, basado en las recomendaciones del JBI. Las búsquedas se realizaron entre enero y febrero de 2022, en bases de datos y repositorios de disertaciones y tesis. Se utilizó la estrategia PCC, a saber: P (Población) - pacientes (participación de los pacientes); C (Concepto) - tecnologías educativas y autogestión (tecnología instruccional, autogestión); y C (Contexto): postrasplante de células madre hematopoyéticas (trasplante de médula ósea). Se incluyeron estudios que discutieron las tecnologías educativas utilizadas para enseñar el autocuidado después del trasplante de células madre hematopoyéticas, disponibles en su totalidad electrónicamente. Se excluyeron editoriales, cartas al editor y artículos de opinión. Los estudios duplicados se consideraron una sola vez. Los datos se presentan en formato de tablas y figuras. Resultados: se seleccionaron 16 estudios para componer la muestra final, la mayoría de los cuales mostró que las tecnologías educativas más utilizadas en el contexto del alta hospitalaria después del trasplante de células madre hematopoyéticas son sitios web, software, películas, videos en línea o no, planes de atención, carteles, libros y folletos destinados a la enseñanza. Conclusión: el uso de tecnologías educativas en la enseñanza y educación en salud del paciente es una realidad presente en los servicios de cualquier nivel de atención a la salud. Lo más destacado del abordaje de este tema está anclado en cómo se utilizan estas tecnologías y si están bien definidas para cada paciente, según los resultados de este estudio.

RESUMO Objetivo: mapear as evidências científicas sobre as tecnologias educacionais utilizadas para o ensino da autogestão no pós-transplante de células-tronco hematopoéticas. Método: scoping review, apoiada nas recomendações do JBI. As buscas ocorreram entre janeiro e fevereiro de 2022, em bases de dados e repositórios de dissertações e teses. Utilizou-se a estratégia PCC, a saber: P (População) - pacientes (participação do paciente); C (Conceito) - tecnologias educacionais e autogestão (tecnologia instrucional, autogerenciamento); e C (Contexto) - pós-transplante de células-tronco (transplante de medula óssea). Foram incluídos estudos que discutissem sobre as tecnologias educacionais utilizadas para o ensino da autogestão no pós-transplante de células-tronco hematopoéticas, disponíveis na íntegra em meio eletrônico. Foram excluídos editoriais, cartas ao editor e artigos de opinião. Os estudos duplicados foram considerados apenas uma vez. Os dados estão apresentados em formato de figuras e quadro. Resultados: foram selecionados 16 estudos para compor a amostra final, dentre os quais, em sua maioria, evidenciaram que as tecnologias educacionais mais utilizadas no contexto de alta hospitalar no pós-transplante de células tronco-hematopoéticas são websites, softwares, filmes, vídeos online ou não, planos de cuidado, cartazes, livros e cartilhas voltados para o ensino. Conclusão: o uso das tecnologias educacionais no ensino e na educação em saúde dos pacientes é uma realidade presente nos serviços em qualquer um dos níveis de atenção à saúde. O ponto de destaque da abordagem a este tema se ancora em como essas tecnologias são utilizadas e se são definidas de forma adequada para cada paciente, conforme resultados deste estudo.

Ensino de segurança do paciente segundo as percepções e vivências de docentes de enfermagem / La enseñanza en seguridad del paciente según las percepciones y experiencias de profesores de enfermería / The teaching of patient safety according with the perceptions and experiences of nursing professors

Objetivo: descrever as percepções e vivências de docentes da graduação de enfermagem sobre o ensino de segurança do paciente. Método: estudo transversal, descritivo, quali-quantitativo, realizado com professores de enfermagem de uma universidade federal, realizado de setembro a novembro de 2018. Os dados foram coletados através de um formulário eletrônico e processados de forma descritiva simples com auxílio do software Interface de R pour Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionneires. Resultados: a amostra foi composta por 21 docentes e emergiram três classes: primeiros passos e estímulos para o ensino de segurança do paciente no curso de enfermagem (42,5%), ações realizadas em prol do ensino de segurança do paciente na graduação (26,4%) e agentes promotores de mudanças no ensino de segurança do paciente na graduação de enfermagem (31,1%). Conclusão: os docentes reconheceram a segurança do paciente como um tema transversal e importante no processo formativo, mas com pouca expressividade na instituição.

Objetivo: describir las percepciones y experiencias de profesores de graduación en enfermería sobre la enseñanza de la seguridad del paciente. Método: estudio transversal, descriptivo, cuali-cuantitativo, realizado con profesores de enfermería de una universidad federal, realizado de septiembre a noviembre de 2018. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de un formulario electrónico y procesados de forma descriptiva simple con ayuda del Interface de R pour Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionneires. Resultados: la muestra estuvo compuesta por 21 profesores y surgieron tres clases: primeros pasos y estímulos para la enseñanza de la seguridad del paciente en la carrera de enfermería (42,5%), acciones realizadas a favor de la enseñanza de la seguridad del paciente en la graduación (26,4%) y agentes promotores cambios en la enseñanza de la seguridad del paciente en la graduación de enfermería (31,1%). Conclusión: los profesores reconocieron la seguridad del paciente como un tema transversal e importante en el proceso de formación, pero con poca expresión en la institución.

Objective: To describe the perceptions and experiences of nursing graduation professors regarding the teaching of patient safety. Method: Cross-sectional, descriptive, quali-quantitative study, carried out with nursing professors from a federal university from September to November 2018. Data was collected using an electronic form and processed using simple descriptive analysis aided by the software Interface de R pour Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionneires. Results: The sample was formed by 21 professors, and three classes were generated: First steps and encouragement for the teaching of patient safety in the nursing course (42.5%); Actions towards patient safety teaching in graduation (26.4%); and Actors of change in the teaching of patient safety in nursing graduation (31.1%). Conclusion: The professors recognized patient safety as an important cross-sectional topic in the formation process, despite its little presence in the institution.

Chronic kidney disease intervention in primary health care: integrative review

To analyze the knowledge and safety of primary health care professionals in the management of chronic kidney disease in its early stages. Integrative literature review carried out in four steps. The search took place in the following databases: MEDLINE via PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and BVS. The descriptors used were "Primary Health Care" AND "Kidney Diseases" AND "Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice" and the quality of the analysis was checked by means of the Hierarchy of Evidence for Intervention Studies". Fifteen articles were found, with a predominance of qualitative and descriptive method; the results showed insufficient knowledge of health professionals and interest in the best approach in the initial stage of the disease. Thus, it is inferred that the knowledge and security of primary health care professionals depend on individual factors and institutional initiative for the adoption of clinical guidelines and training. Therefore, prepared professionals and organized care, using protocols, would bring benefits both to patients as to the evolution and outcome of the disease and savings to health services.

Fatores clínicos e preditores do ressecamento ocular em pacientes no período pós-operatório / Factores clínicos y predictores de sequedad ocular en pacientes postoperados / Clinical factors and predictors of dry eye in postoperative patients

Objetivo: avaliar os fatores clínicos preditores para o ressecamento ocular e para o diagnóstico de enfermagem Risco de ressecamento ocular em pacientes no pós-operatório em Unidade de Recuperação Pós-Anestésica. Método: estudo transversal realizado entre maio e agosto de 2017. Amostra foi de 157 pacientes adultos submetidos a procedimentos cirúrgicos eletivos. Os dados foram analisados mediante estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: o diagnóstico clínico de ressecamento ocular prevaleceu em 85,35% dos pacientes, e o diagnóstico de enfermagem Risco de ressecamento ocular em 14,65%. Observou-se diferenças estatísticas entre a hiperemia, lacrimejamento excessivo e teste de Schirmer insuficiente com o diagnóstico de ressecamento ocular no olho direito e com o diagnóstico Risco de ressecamento ocular. No olho esquerdo o teste de Schirmer foi insuficiente. Conclusão: a hiperemia, o lacrimejamento excessivo e o teste de Schirmer insuficiente são fatores clínicos preditores relevantes no perioperatório para promover medidas preventivas e/ou detectar precocemente o ressecamento ocular.

Objetivo: evaluar los predictores clínicos de ojo seco y el diagnóstico de enfermería Riesgo de ojo seco en pacientes postoperados en la Unidad de Recuperación Postanestésica. Material y método: estudio transversal realizado entre mayo y agosto de 2017. La muestra fue de 157 pacientes adultos sometidos a procedimientos quirúrgicos electivos. Los datos se analizaron mediante estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Resultados: el diagnóstico clínico de ojo seco predominó en el 85,35% de los pacientes, y el diagnóstico de enfermería Riesgo de ojo seco en el 14,65%. Se observaron diferencias estadísticas entre la hiperemia, el lagrimeo excesivo y el test de Schirmer insuficiente con el diagnóstico de sequedad ocular en el ojo derecho y con el diagnóstico Riesgo de ojo seco. En el ojo izquierdo el test de Schirmer fue insuficiente. Conclusión: la hiperemia, el lagrimeo excesivo y el test de Schirmer insuficiente son predictores clínicos perioperatorios relevantes para promover medidas preventivas y/o la detección precoz del ojo seco.

Objective: to evaluate the clinical predictors for dry eye and the nursing diagnosis Risk of dry eye in postoperative patients in the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit. Method: cross-sectional study conducted between May and August, 2017. The sample was 157 adult patients undergoing elective surgical procedures. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: the clinical diagnosis of dry eye prevailed in 85.35% of patients, and the nursing diagnosis Risk of dry eye in 14.65%. Statistical differences were observed between hyperemia, excessive tearing and insufficient Schirmer test with the diagnosis of ocular dryness in the right eye and with the diagnosis Risk of dry eye. In the left eye the Schirmer test was insufficient. Conclusão: hyperemia, excessive tearing and insufficient Schirmer test are relevant perioperative clinical predictors to promote preventive measures and/or early detection of dry eye.

Equipe de saúde penitenciária: a realidade do processo de trabalho / Penitentiary health team: the reality of the work process

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é caracterizar o processo de trabalho da equipe de saúde penitenciária no estado da Paraíba. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa, realizada com duas Equipes de Atenção Básica Prisional do estado da Paraíba. Foram feitas entrevistas individuais com os profissionais de saúde, a fim de elucidar o processo de trabalho desenvolvido. O corpus foi composto por dez textos, analisado com auxílio do software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires (Iramuteq) e exposto por meio da Classificação Hierárquica Descendente (CHD) e da Análise de similitude. A análise do corpus demonstrou que houve 5.417 ocorrências de palavras, difundidas em 1.090 formas, com média de ocorrência de 5,97 palavras para cada forma. A CHD analisou 152 segmentos de texto, com retenção de 75% do corpus, que resultou na construção de quatro partições e seis classes, a saber: atenção às necessidades percebidas; atividade de aconselhamento; acolhimento da PPL e da família; dificuldades relacionadas ao sistema; dificuldades relacionadas aos recursos; e sugestão para formação profissional para EABP.

Abstract This article aims to characterize the work process of the prison health team in the state of Paraíba. This is an exploratory research, with a qualitative approach, carried out with two Prison Primary Care Teams in the state of Paraíba. Individual interviews were carried out with health professionals in order to elucidate the work process developed. The corpus consisted of 10 texts and was analyzed using the software Interface de R pour les Analyzes Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires (Iramuteq) and exposed through the Descending Hierarchical Classification (CHD) and the Similarity Analysis. The analysis of the corpus showed that there were 5,417 occurrences of words, spread in 1,090 forms, whose average occurrence was 5.97 words for each form. The Descending Hierarchical Classification analyzed 152 text segments, with 75% retention of the corpus, which resulted in the construction of four partitions and six classes, namely: attention to perceived needs; counseling activity; reception of PPL and family; difficulties related to the system; difficulties related to resources; and suggestion for professional training for EABP.

Penitentiary health team: the reality of the work process. / Equipe de saúde penitenciária: a realidade do processo de trabalho.

This article aims to characterize the work process of the prison health team in the state of Paraíba. This is an exploratory research, with a qualitative approach, carried out with two Prison Primary Care Teams in the state of Paraíba. Individual interviews were carried out with health professionals in order to elucidate the work process developed. The corpus consisted of 10 texts and was analyzed using the software Interface de R pour les Analyzes Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires (Iramuteq) and exposed through the Descending Hierarchical Classification (CHD) and the Similarity Analysis. The analysis of the corpus showed that there were 5,417 occurrences of words, spread in 1,090 forms, whose average occurrence was 5.97 words for each form. The Descending Hierarchical Classification analyzed 152 text segments, with 75% retention of the corpus, which resulted in the construction of four partitions and six classes, namely: attention to perceived needs; counseling activity; reception of PPL and family; difficulties related to the system; difficulties related to resources; and suggestion for professional training for EABP.

O objetivo deste artigo é caracterizar o processo de trabalho da equipe de saúde penitenciária no estado da Paraíba. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa, realizada com duas Equipes de Atenção Básica Prisional do estado da Paraíba. Foram feitas entrevistas individuais com os profissionais de saúde, a fim de elucidar o processo de trabalho desenvolvido. O corpus foi composto por dez textos, analisado com auxílio do software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires (Iramuteq) e exposto por meio da Classificação Hierárquica Descendente (CHD) e da Análise de similitude. A análise do corpus demonstrou que houve 5.417 ocorrências de palavras, difundidas em 1.090 formas, com média de ocorrência de 5,97 palavras para cada forma. A CHD analisou 152 segmentos de texto, com retenção de 75% do corpus, que resultou na construção de quatro partições e seis classes, a saber: atenção às necessidades percebidas; atividade de aconselhamento; acolhimento da PPL e da família; dificuldades relacionadas ao sistema; dificuldades relacionadas aos recursos; e sugestão para formação profissional para EABP.

Costs related to obtaining organs for transplantation: A systematic review.

INTRODUCTION: The number of transplants in the world is growing, although there is a demand that exceeds supply. It is worth mentioning that the costs for obtaining organs are considered high. However, few studies have been developed on analyzing the costs of obtaining organs and tissues for transplants in order to support the decision-making of managers and health professionals. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the studies related to the cost of obtaining organs for transplants from a deceased donor. METHOD: A systematic literature review was conducted in the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library CINAHAL, Virtual Health Library (BVS), SCOPUS, Web of Science and EMBASE, using the following descriptors: Costs and cost analysis; Donor Selection; Tissue and Organ Procurement; Tissue and Organ Harvesting; and Tissue Donors, in studies published until April 2021. The risk of bias assessment was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute's Checklist for Economic Assessments. It was not possible to perform a meta-analysis due to the heterogeneity of the studies. RESULTS: A total of 1731 studies were identified, of which 11 were analyzed. The cost of kidneys in US dollars (USD) ranged between USD $1672 and USD $25,058. Obtaining a liver ranged from USD $586 to USD $44,478. Heart procurement ranged from USD $633 to USD $24,264. The combined heart-lung transplant ranged from USD $860 to USD $23,203. Obtaining the pancreas ranged from USD $413 to USD $29,708. CONCLUSIONS: Cost of obtaining organs for transplants from a deceased donor is substantial and varies widely across different studies. The overall cost of failures to obtain organs is currently unknown. Understanding organ procurement expenses can help clarify areas in which organ and tissue procurement can improve in cost and efficiency.

Analysis of factors associated with hematopoietic stem-cell retransplantation: a case-control study. / Análise dos fatores associados ao retransplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas: estudo caso-controle.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the factors associated with the failure of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) in patients undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Retransplantation (HSCR). METHOD: this study implemented a quantitative approach and was a case-control type which addressed patients undergoing HSCR. To do so, a paired sample of two controls was used for each case (2:1). The case group consisted of the medical records of all patients who underwent HSCR (28) and the control group (56) of those who underwent only one transplant. Three variables guided the pairing: gender, diagnosis and type of transplant. RESULTS: a total of 24 (85.71%) patients in the case group were re-transplanted due to disease relapse and four (14.29%) due to graft failure. There was a statistical difference in the analysis between patients who did not use ursodeoxycholic acid, opioid analgesics and immunosuppressants. The need for HSCR among those who used these medications inappropriately was 16.12, 12.79 and 4.5 times more likely, respectively, than those who used them correctly. CONCLUSION: there was a difference regarding the reasons which led to the retransplantation and the analyzed subjects, and this study concluded that the predictive reason for retransplantation in the studied sample was disease relapse.

HIV/AIDS and the social determinants of health: a time series study.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the time trend, spatial distribution, and the cases of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome cases with social determinants of health. METHODS: Ecological and analytical study, carried out based on the cases of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome notified in a state in the Brazilian Midwest, from 2009 to 2018. The study used descriptive analysis, polynomial regression, and geospatial analysis. RESULTS: In 10 years, there were 9,157 notifications, growing each year. There was a growing trend for both sexes (p<0.001, r2=0.94). The City Human Development Index was related to the higher number of cases (city of notification, p=0.01; and city where the person lives, p=0.02). The highest concentration was in cities that house health macro-regions. CONCLUSION: Social determinants have a relationship with the time trend and the spatial distribution of cases and can direct strategies for prevention and care.

Analysis of the temporal trend of mortality from sickle cell anemia in Brazil.

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the temporal trend of mortality from sickle cell anemia in Brazil, by region, in the period 1997-2017. METHODS: epidemiological study, with an ecological design, with a temporal trend, carried out with data from the Mortality Information System. For descriptive analysis, absolute and relative frequencies were used. In the correlation analysis, the ANOVA test was used, followed by Tukey's post-test. The temporal trend was obtained using the cubic polynomial regression test. RESULTS: 6,813 deaths from sickle cell anemia were registered. Brown individuals (50.87%) were more frequent, with a predominance of males (50.4%), aged between 25 and 34 years and a higher incidence of deaths in the Midwest (0.25/100 thousand inhabitants). The time curve showed an increasing trend of deaths in the country between 1997 and 2015 (R2 = 0.98). CONCLUSIONS: sickle cell anemia showed increasing mortality in the 21 years analyzed and alerts health professionals and managers.

Clinical-Epidemiological Characteristics and Mortality in Patients with Sickle Cell Anemia: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 1980 at 2018.

PURPOSE: To analyze the clinical-epidemiological characteristics and mortality in patients with sickle-cell anemia (SCA). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cohort study with retrospective data, conducted in two reference hospitals for SCA treatment from January 1980 to December 2018, recorded in two reference services. With a 5% significance level, the Chi-Square and Student's t-tests were employed in the inferential statistical analysis. RESULTS: A total of 128 patients with SCA were studied. Diagnosis up to the fifth day of life was made in 10 patients. There were 19 deaths, of which 12 (63.2%) were female, and the average age at death was 27.05 (± 14.78) years. The leading causes of death were septic shock and cardiogenic shock. The use of invasive medical devices was considered a risk factor for death (RR=2.63; 95% CI=1.16-5.96; p=0.018), and monitoring time up to 20 years presented a 31% reduction in the risk of dying (RR=0.31; 95% CI=0.12-0.82; p=0.011) when compared to the monitoring of more than 20 years. CONCLUSION: These findings are to be considered in the treatment of patients with SCA, mainly regarding early diagnosis and access to the treatment immediately afterward, since they are fundamental in improving survival and reducing severe complications.